Barotropic and baroclinic tides increase primary production on the Northwest European Shelf

High biological productivity and the efficient export of carbon-enriched subsurface waters to open ocean via continental shelf pump mechanism make mid-latitude shelves like northwest European (NWES) significant sinks for atmospheric CO 2 . Tidal forcing, as one regionally dominant physical forcing mechanisms, regulates mixing-stratification status water column that acts a major control on NWES. Because complexity system spatial heterogeneity tidal impacts, there still are large knowledge gaps role tides magnitude variability carbon fixation In our study, we utilize flexible cross-scale modeling capabilities novel coupled hydrodynamic–biogeochemical SCHISM–ECOSMO quantify impacts primary production We assess impact both barotropic tide kilometrical-scale internal field explicitly resolved in this study by comparing simulated hindcasts with without forcing. Our results suggest increases NWES around 16% (14.47 Mt C) annual mean is related Vertical mixing nutrients particularly invigorates frontal regions, whereas resuspension particulate organic matter locally hinders shallow permanently mixed regions. The generally low deep central outer areas except southwestern Celtic Sea, where substantially 25% (1.53 C). Tide-generated vertical across pycnocline, largely attributed field, explains one-fifth response summer NPP Sea. therefore Sea caused combination processes likely including tide-induced lateral on-shelf transport nutrients. tidally enhanced turbulent fuels new seasonally stratified parts NWES, which may air–sea exchange shelf.